PRODUCTION

PRODUCTION

Coffee is one of the many commodities grown in tropical regions in Africa, Central and South America, as well as in Asia Pacific. Known types of coffee in international markets are:

(1) Arabica coffee mainly produced in Colombia, the countries of Central America and Brazil; and

(2) lots of Robusta coffee is produced in Africa and Asia Pacific.

Of the type produced coffee, Arabica coffee is the largest part (approximately 70%) of total production and 30% the rest is Robusta coffee. Trend of world coffee production tends to increase. The highest production occurred in 1991/92, which is approximately 6 million tons. The average world coffee production is 5.6 million tons per year.

Country's largest coffee producer is Brazil with an average production of 1.6 million tons per year, Colombia with an average production of 800 thousand tons per year, and Indonesia in the third world coffee producers, with average production of 500 thousand tons per year.

Consumption
In the year 1991/92 world coffee consumption was recorded 4.3 million tons and increased to 4.6 million tons in tahun1996/97 or increased by an average 0.5% per year over the period 1991/91 - 1996/97.

The EU is the major coffee consumer in the world and need a coffee an average of 2 million tons. The next largest coffee consumer in a row is the United States and Japan each requires 1.1 million tons and 350.000 tons. In the last 5 years the United States takes an average 1.1 million tonnes coffee.

EXPORT

Coffee exports by member countries during the period ICO exporting 1991/92 - 1996/97 only slightly increased, ie an average 0.23% per year. The increase in the program occurs only during the last 2 years after the restoration of crop producers in all countries which previously had crop failures due to Drought in 1994/95. The average exports during this period was approximately 4.5 million tons. Recorded the highest exports in 1996/97 of 4.9 million tons while the lowest occurred in the year 1994/95 in the amount of 4 million tons.

Like the production, world coffee exports are also dominated by Brazil, Colombia and Indonesia. Market share of these countries is respectively 23%, 16% and 7%, with average export volume of each 1 million tons, 750.000 tons and 315.000 tons.

Increased export of processed coffee is Relatively higher than other forms of coffee. In 1991/92 the total volume of processed coffee exports reached 1.62 million tons, with a rapid increase to 2.64 million tons in tahun1996/97, or almost double the 5-year period. Processed coffee market is more dominated Brazil and Colombia each with a market share of 58% and 12%, while Indonesia has only 1.3%. In the case of export of processed coffee, the market share of Ecuador, India and Ivory Coast respectively 8.6%, 7.2% and 6.7% is much greater than the share of Indonesia.